altogether new ground, and the pattern set was followed by all subsequent translations of the Holy Qur’ān by Muslims. The Maulānā’s Translation, which ran into several editions, was extensively revised by him in the closing years of his life.3 Some of his other works are listed elsewhere.

The Religion of Islām, originally published in 1936 with only slight alterations by the author, contains over 2,500 quotations from original sources, most of them from the Holy Qur’ān. These quotations followed the translation adopted in the 1917 edition of the author’s English Translation of the Holy Qur’ān. All of these have now been revised in accordance with the 1951 (fourth) edition of the Translation which, as already stated, had been extensively revised by the Maulānā. In a few cases, explanatory footnotes have been added or amended in accordance with the footnotes given in the revised edition of the English Translation. These changes represent the major revision carried out in this edition of The Religion of Islām. Certain other portions of the book have also been edited and brought up to date. The author intended to add two more chapters to the book on the Muslim State and the Ethics of Islām, but could not do so himself. Both subjects were, however, dealt with by him, though briefly, in two subsequent works, The New World Order and Living Thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad, and the material from these sources, with necessary editing has been included in the two additional chapters at the end of this book The treatment of these subjects is, however, not as detailed as that of the other subjects which originally formed a part of this book.

We are grateful to Mr. Muhammad Ahmad, M.A., son of the author for having undertaken the revision of this book on the above lines, and for having gone through the proofs.

—THE PUBLISHERS